Towards full interoperability: multi-constellation aeronautical networks
Aeronautical connectivity is undergoing a profound change. The emergence of new low-orbit satellite constellations, such as OneWeb and Starlink, has broken the traditional scheme dominated by geostationary satellites. The current challenge is no longer solely to provide bandwidth, but to achieve genuine interoperability between different space networks within the same aircraft. Modern IP management systems, based on SD-WAN technologies and adaptive routing, are making possible what was previously unthinkable: combining GEO, LEO and MEO links in real time, automatically selecting the most stable route or the one with the lowest latency according to flight conditions. This means that an aircraft can maintain its connection without interruption, even when changing satellite coverage or hemisphere. Companies specialising in satellite systems integration, such as NASSAT, have adopted this approach to offer intelligent multi-constellation solutions capable of prioritising critical traffic and guaranteeing operational continuity throughout the entire mission. The key lies in the new airborne routers, equipped with link-switching modules, active redundancy and real-time performance analysis capability. Despite these advances, challenges remain. The lack of common standards among operators and the differences in authentication and encryption protocols hinder full interoperability. Regulatory issues also persist: not all regions yet permit the simultaneous use of multiple constellations with active transmitters in flight. The outlook, however, is clear. The aircraft of the future will be continuously connected through the cooperation of GEO, LEO and MEO networks, integrated into an ecosystem where automatic link management will be as essential as the engine itself. Interoperability is no longer a technological luxury, but the necessary step towards truly connected aviation.
NASSAT - Network Satellite Systems